里氏替換原則是面向對象編程中的一個基本概念，它指出子類的對象應該能夠替換超類的對象而不影響程序的正確性。
The Liskov Substitution Principle is a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming, stating that objects of a superclass should be replaceable with objects of a subclass without affecting the correctness of the program.
