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Freedom is not merely the opportunity to do as one pleases; neither is it merely the opportunity to choose between set alternatives. Freedom is, first of all, the chance to formulate the available choices, to argue over them - and then, the opportunity to choose.

自由不僅僅是隨心所欲的機會；也不僅僅是在既定選項之間選擇的機會。自由首先是制定可用選擇的機會，對它們進行辯論——然后，是選擇的機會。

The first fruit of this imagination - and the first lesson of the social science that embodies it - is the idea that the individual can understand his own experience and gauge his own fate only by locating himself within his period, that he can know his own chances in life only by becoming aware of those of all individuals in his circumstances.

這種想象力的第一個成果——以及體現它的社會科學的第一個教訓——是個人只有將自己置于他所處的時代中，才能理解自己的經歷并衡量自己的命運，只有意識到所有處于他這種境況的個體的機會，他才能知道自己的生活機會。

The power elite is composed of men whose positions enable them to transcend the ordinary environments of ordinary men and women; they are in positions to make decisions having major consequences.

權力精英由那些其職位使他們能夠超越普通男女的普通環境的人組成；他們處于能夠做出具有重大后果的決策的位置。

Freedom is not merely the opportunity to do as one pleases; neither is it merely the opportunity to choose between set alternatives. Freedom is, first of all, the chance to formulate the available choices, to argue over them—and then, the opportunity to choose.

自由不僅僅是隨心所欲的機會；也不僅僅是在既定選項之間選擇的機會。自由首先是制定可用選擇的機會，對它們進行辯論——然后，才是選擇的機會。

The first fruit of this imagination—and the first lesson of the social science that embodies it—is the idea that the individual can understand his own experience and gauge his own fate only by locating himself within his period, that he can know his own chances in life only by becoming aware of those of all individuals in his circumstances.

這種想象力的第一個成果——以及體現它的社會科學的第一個教訓——是個人只有將自己定位在他的時代中，才能理解自己的經歷并衡量自己的命運，只有意識到他所在環境中所有個體的機會，他才能知道自己的生活機會。

Neither the life of an individual nor the history of a society can be understood without understanding both.

如果不理解兩者，就無法理解個人的生活或社會的歷史。

The sociological imagination enables us to grasp history and biography and the relations between the two within society.

社會學的想象力使我們能夠把握歷史和傳記以及兩者在社會中的關系。